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  1. Undeniable

    Undeniable Porn Star

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    To Kill or not to Kill

    This is a very hard decision for a soldier to make and a great many factors can influence the soldiers ability to kill his fellow man. Before combat soldiers may talk a lot and seem like a blood thirsty, fear inspiring bunch. Veterans are likely to be more subdued unless they are ‘psyching themselves up’.

    It should be noted that although a soldier may shoot, he may not try to kill. He may be ordered to fire but it is very hard to determine if he is trying to hit as can be noted by the 52,000 rounds fired for one hit ration in Vietnam. People were willing to fire but not always willing to hit the target. This can also be evident in earlier times when muskets were used when soldiers would get in a line, shoulder to shoulder, shoot each other and not hit anything. Even then some would not shoot.

    Most sane humans, if given the choice, will not kill their fellow man and are extremely reluctant to do so, despite what holly wood would like you to believe. When they are forced to do so, many can experience a great deal of psychological trauma.

    Superior training currently used by military organizations helps make the decision for the individual. This is a form of brainwashing but it is frequently necessary. In WW2 people learned to fire on a firing range at paper targets. When they got to the battle field they may have been excellent shots but they realized they were shooting at another person, someone named Hans or Frederick, or whatever. Today, more realistic targets are used in more realistic environments. Killing a ‘target’ becomes more automatic, more instinctive so when push comes to shove the trooper may be scared and unthinking, but his body knows what to do and does it, sometimes before the soldier can rationalize what he is doing. This makes the act of killing more traumatic for the killer and may be why a higher percentage of Vietnam vets suffer after the war. They had training which made them kill despite their desire and natural instinct not to.

    Emotional and physical distance can also allow a person to kill his foe. Emotional distance can be classified as mechanical, social, cultural and emotional distance. Physical distance has to do with the distance. It is much more difficult to kill someone when you can feel his breath and see the fear in his eyes as you ram home a knife. It is very traumatic at such close range. At long range, like an artilleryman firing at the target that is over a couple hills, he does not see the enemy and can more easily deny the enemy’s humanity.

    Emotional distance allows a person to kill at closer ranges and allows him to justify it more easily. Cultural distance is defined as viewing the enemy as an inferior life form. The enemy is dehumanized and considered inferior. Like the Nazi’s classified Jews and blacks as inferior and subhuman, putting them outside the human species and thus little more than an animal to be killed.

    Moral distance is classifying the enemy as morally wrong. US troops fighting the Nazi’s or Japanese had moral distance to help them kill. The Nazi’s were butchers, cruel and vicious. The Nazi’s were guilty and had to be punished by those who were right and just.

    Social Distance is a form of classifying others as lesser beings. For instance, in the medieval ages of Knights and men-at-arms, the Knights, the nobility were the primary killers. A soldier could look across the line at another soldier just like him, terrified and unwilling to kill. A Knight would look down at the serf/soldiers as lesser beings who simply could not compare to himself and their loss was not important because they were not as great as he was.

    Mechanical distance is viewing the enemy through some device like a scope or on a screen. It allows the killer to dehumanize the target. Ships shoot at and destroy ships, and although they are killing other people, they don’t see it that way. Naval crews are more unlikely to suffer the psychological trauma of war for this reason. This is not to say they may not suffer, but they will not be reluctant to fire their weapon. Snipers see their target through a scope and this can make the enemy less (or more!) human to the shooter. In Desert Storm, the use of night sights made the war seem more like a Nintendo game.

    Another factor that can a big effect on whether or not a person fires is the presence of authority. If an officer is standing next to a person and orders that person to fire, then that person is much more likely to do so. A Sergeant ordering his squad to fire will increase the fire rate. This is another point in argument for a fireteam because it allows a team leader to order his troops to fire and they will do so.

    Other factors also have an effect on a soldier’s willingness to kill the enemy. Vengeance, hate and fear are all different factors that may enable a soldier to attempt to kill the enemy instead of just posture. Also letting down one’s fellows is an important factor because they rely on each other to keep them alive.
     
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    1. Wafarer
      Thank you, so much of this I have heard first hand from docs. on tv and a few vets. I can get my mind around this, as a `civvy', but of course, I do not `know' the feeling. There is also post-war life, not just PTSD but the `gearing down' a soldier must do, after living life at a heightened alert status when serving.
       
      Wafarer, May 14, 2017
  2. Undeniable

    Undeniable Porn Star

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    Battle Fatigue

    Warfare is very traumatic, especially for front line troops that must face their reluctance to killing as well as being killed. It is much more frightening to have someone try to kill you with a knife than lob a bomb at you. You don’t see the fear and hate in a bomb’s eyes as he tries to insert a length of sharp metal into your body. The psychological casualty rate of front line units gave the Powers That Be, the idea of doing the same thing to enemy populations. In WW2 this became more evident as the nations bombed innocent, helpless civilians. It was believed that bombing them would cause a high number of psychiatric casualties for the enemy and destroy their will to fight, but it didn’t happen. In many cases it hardened their resolve instead of creating hordes of mentally traumatized people.

    In this way, maneuver warfare is superior to attrition warfare because it strikes directly at an enemy’s will to fight. By violently attacking some rear area people begin to get frightened and realize that there is a threat of invasion and close up interpersonal aggression. The potential of close-up, inescapable, interpersonal hatred and aggression is more effective and has a greater impact on the morale of the soldier than the presence of inescapable, impersonal death and destruction. Officers are often buffered from enemy attack by ranks of soldiers that are defending them.

    When an enemy attack destroys a headquarters unit, people realize that they are a target and the enemy is not interested in killing front line units. This can cause a great deal of psychological trauma for a battalion commander as he realized the enemy wants his head on a pike and is trying to get it. Living under this kind of threat can have a noticeable impact on people and because a front line soldier has to deal with this constantly he is more likely to become a psychiatric casualty.

    Studies have shown that the more time in combat a soldier spends the more likely they are to become a psychiatric casualty. A psychiatric casualty is useless to a combat unit and presents as much danger to his fellows as the enemy. It is generally believed that sixty days of frontline combat will destroy a unit as an effective fighting force because after sixty days of combat ninety eight percent of the unit is likely to be a psychiatric casualty.

    To prevent this, units are rotated back from the front to a relatively secure area. If the enemy has penetrated friendly lines and there is no ‘secure’ area then it is little different than being on the front. This might be another reason so many people suffered in Vietnam because there were no ‘front lines’ and no ‘safe’ areas.

    Units are frequently rotated into the reserves to allow them time to ‘recover’.

    To understand the ‘sixty day’ concept lets look at what happens when a unit goes into combat.

    Within the first ten days a unit becomes ‘battlewise’, they become used to the demands of watching from every direction, they learn to deal with the enemy threat and they become more ‘undisturbed’ by what goes on around them. Between ten and thirty days, they reach maximum efficiency. The fall into the pattern of combat.

    After about thirty days they may become over confidant and believe their efficiency is not decreasing when it is. Their bodies are running out of stored energy and the battle field environment is beginning to take its toll on more than just their mind. Combat exhaustion begins to set in. Combat exhaustion is the effect of the elements, poor food, and physical exhaustion. It also includes what happens to the body. When a human experiences an adrenaline rush there is a price to pay afterwards. Combat is like a roller coaster in this way with high’s being the adrenaline rush and lows coming after the rush. This ‘roller coaster’ affects a human body dramatically because of the highs and lows, and can be severely draining physically and emotionally.

    After about forty-five days Emotional Exhaustion may set in and the unit’s efficiency decreases dramatically. Troops aren’t willing to attack, they are unwilling to dig fighting positions or run patrols. They lack the will they had before.

    In WW2 the British believed their troops were good for one hundred days in battle before they became psychiatric casualties. This was made possible because they rotated the troops out of the battle zone every twelve days for four days of rest. US policy was to leave troops in combat for up to eighty days.

    The ability to leave troops in combat like this has only become possible recently. In previous times, troops didn’t have the physical or logistic ability to support constant combat, but today they do.
     
  3. Undeniable

    Undeniable Porn Star

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    Manifestations of Psychiatric Casualties

    When a person becomes a psychiatric casualty this can take different forms of various degrees. After several months of combat nearly everyone will exhibit some symptoms of mental stress will appear. This does not mean they have gone completely bonkers and in some cases rest and recuperation helps a great deal. When it gets too bad there may be no easy solution. In some cases a person may exhibit symptoms to avoid battle. The way military units handle this is by treating as many people as possible as near to the front lines as possible.

    Fatigue cases can best be described as the soldier becoming ‘tired’ and is unwilling to do anything. He doesn’t want to associate with friends or participate in any physical or mental activity or responsibility. He may be subject to sensitivity to loud noises, crying spells or fits of anxiety. In many ways all he wants to do is vegetate but he is subject to mood swings. The best way to cure this is to remove the person from the battle zone for rest and recuperation.

    Confusional States are when a psychiatric casualty begins to lose track of time, place, and cannot deal with his environment. A person who was suffering from Fatigue can quickly shift into this state and become psychotic. Some symptoms include delirium, psychotic dissociation, and manic-depressive mood swings. Another possible effect is called the Ganzer syndrome. When a psychiatric casualty suffers from Ganzer syndrome he will make jokes, act silly or otherwise try to avoid the horror and fear with humor.

    For instance a soldier may use a body or body part and treat it as still alive, like what the soldiers did to a dead body in Full Metal Jacket. They propped him up, put a cigarette in his mouth and ‘pretended’ he was alive. Some cases may become more extreme.

    Conversion Hysteria can happen during combat or years later. This is a severe form if the Confusional state. The sufferer loses all touch with reality and may wander around regardless of dangers, like mines, enemy snipers, ect. The soldier may ball up into the fetal position and try to deny his surroundings or shake violently. Large portions of a person’s memory may be blocked out to protect the conscious mind from the horror. Another possibility is a certain portion of a person’s body may not function, like the arm that pulls the trigger.

    Conversion Hysteria can appear in a soldier after being knocked out by a concussion, receiving some a minor wound or after a near miss. Hysteria can show up in the hospital or rear area. Sometimes it will appear when a soldier is told he must return and fight.

    Anxiety States can affect a soldier’s ability to sleep. No matter how much sleep or rest he gets he is always tired. His dreams may be plagued by nightmares and the soldier may become obsessed with death. He begins to fear he may be a coward, he might fail his men or comrades or others might find out he is a coward. Some of the symptoms of anxiety are shortness of breath, weakness, pain, blurred vision, giddiness, temporary paralyzation and fainting.

    Another effect of Anxiety disorders is called PTSD or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Years after combat the soldier’s blood pressure may rise dramatically along with sweating, nervousness and so on.

    Obsessional and Complusive States are like Conversion Hysteria except the soldier is more aware of what is going on. The soldier understands that fear is causing everything but he cannot do anything about it. This can be manifested by uncontrollable tremors, palpitations, stammers, tics and so on. After a while the trooper may find some kind of hysteria that allows him to escape psychic responsibility for the physical symptoms.

    Character Disorders are when a soldier becomes fixated on certain actions or things. Paranoia may include irascibility, depression and anxiety about his personal safety. Schizoids become hypersensitive and prefer to be alone. Epileptoid’s become more prone to violent and sometimes unpredictable rages. Some become obsessed with religion and some become psychotic. In essence a person’s very character has changed.
     
  4. Ficxa 479

    Ficxa 479 Porn Star

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    Killin and war crime are different things. For me it is more important not to commit a crime,and i expect my enemy to do the same. But it never goes that way,
     
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  5. Undeniable

    Undeniable Porn Star

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    War Theater

    Every war is different. Every nation is different, and things can change from region to region. Wars may be over resources, territory, economics, religion or whatever, they all have one thing in common and that is people are involved. People are not simple and everyone reacts different under pressure.

    In essence people will react differently to warfare. War is not about killing the enemy, that is only the most visible aspect of warfare. War is about wills clashing violently. People don’t fight over nothing, there is always something to gain and something to lose.

    Most of the time when natives encounter foreigners in their land the foreigners are viewed as invaders, but all wars are different. Attackers can be seen as invaders or saviors, in France during World War Two, Allied troops were seen as liberators. In Germany Allied Troops were seen as invaders.

    Every theatre of conflict is different and that difference will have a profound effect on the warriors involved. For example, in Afghanistan, Soviet troops had been trained to fight the United States, Great Britain, West German, France and their allies. The US was the Soviet’s main enemy, all her attention was focused on being able to defeat the US in a major confrontation. Then the Soviet Union decides to make Afghanistan a puppet state, like Romania and Czechoslovakia. Suddenly the Soviet soldiers found themselves fighting a different, and very dangerous enemy. Like Vietnam affected the United States, so did Afghanistan affect the Soviet Union.

    When writing about war a lot of different things should be taken into consideration about the area of conflict;

    How are the combatants perceived by locals? Do the locals see them as invaders or saviors, what do they do about it?

    How is the conflict perceived by people in the homeland? Are they against it like during the Vietnam war, or for it like in Desert Storm.

    What is the National Will? What is the war about? Why are two or more sides fighting? If the conflict is perceived negatively by the people at home then why is the war still going on?

    What is the Endurance and Fortitude of the combatants? How strongly is the clash of wills and desire to win? Guerrillas are often willing to fight for ten to twenty years, or more to free their homeland (or establish their government/religion). National armies are usually interested in ending the fight more quickly, goals and missions are usually more defined. Had the liberation of Kuwait turned sour and casualties began to mount the National Will would probably have turned against the war. As it was, the Iraqi’s will faded first.

    What is the availability of Military Intelligence? How much do the combatants know about each other? The availability of information on the enemy can quickly turn the tide of a war.

    What are the unit strength levels? Are all the units at full strength? Have casualties crippled units? How has this affected tactics and offensive/defensive operations.

    Are combat units able to get Rest & Recuperation? Are the troops starting to burn out or are they able to be rotated back to a rear echelon area to recover their mental sanity?

    How is National Policy affecting the war? This can turn a possible victor into a battlefield cripple. National Policy might prohibit returning fire with artillery, or mortars so civilian won’t be endangered. Certain areas (which the enemy is hiding out in) might be off limits for any number of reasons. In Vietnam, National Policy was notorious for protecting the enemy. Sometimes when they were in plain view.

    Where are the logistical supplies coming from? A neighboring nation, an orbiting starship? Hidden caches? Ammunition (with a few futuristic exceptions) is not unlimited and combat units will need more. Iraq was getting supplies from Jordan. In Afghanistan the Mujadeen were mostly supplied by looting the bodies of the dead. It varies but there must be a source.

    What are the Offensive/Defensive goals? Does the military have a target to attack? Why and what is the plan?

    How are casualties evacuated and where do they go? This is very important for the morale of the troops.

    What method are the combatants using to wage war? Attrition warfare like the European Theatre in World War One and Two. Maneuver Warfare, like Gordon R. Dickinson’s The Dorsai? or Revolutionary Warfare like Afghanistan and Vietnam?

    How do recruits replace combat losses? This is a tricky one. By assigning them to a unit while that unit is conducting a mission is perhaps the worst method. The United States used it frequently during Vietnam. The best method is to pull the unit back for a period of time to rest, recuperate and train. During training recruits are integrated into the unit. This allows the unit to establish Standard Operating Procedures that everyone knows. It dramatically increases the professionalism of the unit.

    Are there Allies and what are they like? Does the enemy have allies? How do the allies affect the battle. In Vietnam the United States had the South Vietnamese (or vice versa), there were also the Canadians, the Koreans, the British and many others. In Afghanistan the Soviets had local allies. In Desert Storm, Egypt, Syria, Yemen, Saudi, British, French troops and others fought beside the Americans. Are allied troops superior or inferior to other troops?
     
  6. Undeniable

    Undeniable Porn Star

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    Types of War

    Regardless of whether aircraft, ground forces, space ships or waterborne ships are used, there are three different types of war that can be waged. The most common type is called Attrition Warfare. This is what most movies and books portray. It is simply a matter of force on force. “The enemy is here, we attack at dawn” type mentality is attrition warfare.

    In attrition warfare, forces attack in an attempt to destroy enemy forces. Units move to trap and concentrate fire on the enemy. In this case, quantity is usually the key. Three men firing at one man are usually going to win, all else being equal. Three battalions attacking one are usually going to win, all else being equal. World War One and Two were wars of attrition, men were sent against enemy forces and attempted to overwhelm the enemy through sheer numbers and firepower. In the Pacific during World War Two, it was almost a different kind of war. Entire Japanese held islands were ignored in order to capture islands closer to Japan.

    Attrition war is often bloody and can be decisive. It can be easily measure in ground captured and enemy destroyed.

    Maneuver War is different. While Attrition War is fought to destroy the enemy’s ability to fight, Maneuver War is fought to destroy the enemy’s will to fight. This is not as easily measured as Attrition War, however, the effects of Maneuver War can be devastating. Desert Storm was an example of Maneuver War on a grand scale. While many Iraqi’s were killed they still remain a powerful force today.

    A practitioner of Maneuver War frequently goes around main battle units, infiltrating or breaking through the enemy battle line. Once behind enemy lines the Maneuver Warfighter attacks the enemy support structure, headquarters, or whatever is available. Frequently a target is already decided before the penetration.

    By attacking the enemy’s rear, the enemy’s morale is attacked. The front line soldier begins to realize that the enemy could come at him from any direction. If his supply lines are cut he begins to starve and get thirsty. If his headquarters is destroyed he doesn’t know what is going on and what he should do.

    An enemy commander who has his lines breached can rapidly lose control of the situation, especially if the attacker acts quickly and takes advantage of his situation. The commander needs information and time to decide what to do, the attacker makes every effort to deny the enemy that advantage. By the time the enemy commander has devised a plan, it is obsolete and the situation has changed again. For instance the commander is informed of a breach so he sends his reserve to deal with it. By the time his reserve gets the command, the attackers have taken out an artillery battery and allowed another unit to breach the enemy lines.

    Attrition War is simple because it works like clockwork. Units follow a set battle plan, initiative is encouraged in smaller units because it might upset the battle plan. Coordination and planning is the key to Attrition War. Maneuver War is almost the opposite, the fighters enter combat and act aggressively. War is about taking risks, the bigger the risk, usually the bigger the gain. Attrition Warfare seeks to minimize the risk by using a formula. An example of this ‘formula’ is that a unit will only attack an enemy if it has three to one odds in its favor. Three platoons (a company) will attack one platoon, three squads will attack one squad, ect.

    Another formula of Attrition War is that the objective will be heavily bombed before the attack in order to soften up the opposition. These are formulas for success, they don’t need brilliant commanders to execute, just a lot of firepower and cooperation between the units. Very simple and strait forward, you don’t need smart troops, just troops that will follow orders.

    Maneuver warfare pratictioners don’t play this ‘game’. A practitioner of Maneuver War must be willing to take risks, he must be able to realize when a situation presents itself so he can take advantage of it. This means small unit leaders must be well trained and encouraged to take the initiative. In most militaries this is discouraged, especially in peace time. Non-Commissioned Officers are the key to maneuver warfare. They are usually there, on the ground seeing what is going on. By the time he has explained what is going on over the radio, the situation may have changed already and the opportunity lost.

    There are many differences between Maneuver War and Attrition war that are not obvious to the beginner. The easiest way to understand this is that in Attrition War soldiers are trained to follow orders, not to think for themselves. Officers are the ones who make plans and give the orders, synchronizing the operation so it is successful. In Maneuver War it is the small unit leader, the platoon commander, the squad leader who uses the natural chaos of the battlefield to seize an advantage. In Maneuver War a leader may not wait for orders before taking action.

    In Attrition War a commander gives very detailed orders to his subordinates telling them exactly what he wants them to do and they do it. If ordered to do so a unit will throw itself at the enemy repeatedly, suffering horrible casualties because they were ordered to do so. In Maneuver War a commander will tell his subordinates what he wants accomplished and why, not how. He leaves it up to his leaders to get the job done.

    For example. In Desert Storm, the US Marines penetrated the Iraqi lines and drove strait for Kuwait City. For the most part they ignored the Iraqi units to either side and they penetrated in several different areas. The average Iraqi soldier learned very quickly that there were Marines in front of and behind him, feeling surrounded and helpless (especially after so many weeks of being bombed) he quickly surrendered. Iraqi units who were in the rear were suddenly faced with enemy forces they didn’t expect to see and feeling surprised and scared they surrendered or died. The Iraqi’s were not prepared for such a sudden vicious thrust into their territory.

    The Army went around the Iraqi’s flank. Their mission was to cut off Kuwait and destroy the Republican Guard. However, because of failed coordination, they did not move fast enough. One unit saw the Republican Guard fleeing and had a chance to destroy it, however, they did not have orders to advance further at that point and felt that by continuing to advance they were taking too much of a risk. So the Republican Guard got away.

    Had a Marine Unit been there instead of an Army unit they would very likely have attacked without orders because that was part of their mission.

    Maneuver Warfare allows a smaller force to defeat a larger one because the smaller force concentrates its firepower on a specific enemy weakness. Maneuver Warfare can be used in the defense quite well also. For instance. During Desert Shield my battalion was tasked with defending an area from a possible Iraqi attack in Saudi Arabia. The Infantry Battalion was positioned in a rock quarry astride a main road. Fighting positions were built at the edge of the quarry where we could see out several kilometers to the front. We were infantry facing tanks and armored personnel carriers. Anti-tank rockets usually do not work well against the front of a tank’s armor. Armored personnel carriers are more vulnerable. In the regular scheme of things infantry usually get slaughtered by tanks and enemy infantry (in the APCs). Tanks are vulnerable to infantry when they do not have infantry of their own because enemy infantry can sneak up and shoot a rocket into their weaker side or rear armor.

    The plan was that if we were attacked, we would concentrate on taking out the armored personnel carriers first. By stripping the infantry from the tanks we have suddenly made the tanks more vulnerable. At that point we would have pulled back into the quarry where infantry can move freely but tanks must follow specific routes (because of the rough terrain). Because we could go where the tanks could not and because the tanks wouldn’t have infantry to protect them, we would have massacred them by using multiple prepared ambushes that attacked the weak points in their armor.

    Maneuver Warfare recognizes that the enemy soldier is intelligent and is not a simple stupid automaton. The enemy soldier has hopes and fears. Maneuver warfare attempts to exploit the enemy’s weaknesses and fears. Sun Tzu, an ancient Chinese philosopher who wrote “The Art of War” advocated a form of maneuver war. He wrote that you don’t hit the enemy where he is strong, you hit him where he is weak.

    For more on Maneuver Warfare see the Marine Corp’s Home page, it has the Marine Corps Doctrine Manual on Maneuver Warfare.

    The third type of war is Revolutionary War. This is one bloody war. Vietnam, Ireland and Afghanistan were Revolutionary Wars. In this kind of war there are no definite front lines, there may be safe areas but it may not always be possible to identify the enemy. The Guerrilla seeks to evade destruction while slowly grinding away at the enemy. Attrition war does not work against someone practicing Revolutionary War. The enemy is not interested in staying and fighting, the enemy thrives on ambushes. If the enemy cannot stand up and fight, it fades away, disappearing into the local population. Guerrillas attack the government and kill its leaders. They seek to turn the people against the government and the government against the people. In this way the Guerrilla movement grows and the government is weakened.

    Revolutionary war is one of the most difficult types of wars to deal with because the Guerrilla is usually willing to keep the war going for ten or more years. If not dealt with effectively this long term war will slowly weaken the national resolve and strengthen the enemy. Wars are expensive, the cost in dead and wounded alone can be staggering. In Vietnam the insurgents were more than willing to bleed the US dry, pint by pint. They knew they couldn’t defeat the US in a stand up fight but they knew they could destroy America’s will to fight. The same thing happened in Afghanistan to the Soviets. The Soviets had the raw firepower to deal with any rebels that opposed them but the rebels were not willing to stay around long enough so the Soviets could focus their firepower. They killed the Soviets a soldier at a time and in fear and frustration, the Soviets massacred innocent women and children. Those massacres only made the rebels fight more viciously and it caused the rebel’s numbers to grow. Eventually the cost, psychological as well as financial, forced the Soviets to withdraw.

    There have been several Revolutionary Wars that failed. In Burma, the British prevailed by killing insurgents and going out of their way to make peace with possible insurgent recruits. In Brazil the government did the same thing. Instead of trying to fight a war of attrition the government forces sought to isolate the guerrillas by offering the locals more than the guerrillas, the government forces also sought to protect the locals from the guerrilla terror tactics. In effect, the government turned the locals against the guerrillas. Without support from local people the guerrillas became nothing more than a unit cut off behind enemy lines.

    In a way, Revolutionary war is about not killing more than anything else. Revolutionary war is about intangibles, about emotions and beliefs rather than killing enemy troops. Killing the enemy is a means to an end, not an end to itself.

    In my opinion Attrition Warfare is the exact opposite of Revolutionary War and Maneuver War is somewhere in between. It should be noted however, that not every warfighter will remain strictly with one method of warfighting. Frequently they will occasionally display a characteristic of another method of war.

    The VC occasionally stayed and fought, or attacked major installations like during the Tet Offensive. The US used small special operations groups to out-guerrilla the guerrillas and were amazingly effective.

    A practitioner of Attrition War can win against a revolutionary if the Attritionist is willing to completely depopulate a country. It will make for a very bitter and bloody war but in theory an Attritionist could win.

    One thing to note is that there are many different arguments about which is better, Attrition War or Maneuver War. It should be noted that Attrition War is best for a government that wants a great deal of control over their troops. For example, the Soviet Army was an attrition Army to the full. Operations were carefully planned, personal initiative was discouraged. Perhaps the Soviet Army feared to teach its soldiers to think for themselves because they might rebel. Who knows.

    A Maneuver Warfare military is a true asset to a nation. Generally Maneuver Warfare style armies are smaller, more professional and able to defeat a larger more ‘powerful’ foe. Maneuver Warfare militaries also make a point to insure wars are as brief and bloodless (for them at any rate!) as possible.

    The US Marines and to a point the US Army are trying to become Maneuver Warfare militaries. This only makes sense with current cutbacks. However, one major problem is officers are not trusting their NCO’s and are in some cases micromanaging them. Officer’s are very concerned with promotion (like most people) and to look good they do not tolerate mistakes in their subordinates. For this reason they micromanage their NCO’s and the NCO’s and Junior Officers do not have much of a chance to make, and learn from, mistakes. Training Operations are usually choreographed and ‘canned’, and don’t provide opportunities for junior leaders to take advantage of developing situations.

    What this means is that Junior Leaders, the one who make Maneuver Warfare work, are not being trained properly. Should a war occur it is not unlikely some units will fall flat on their faces.
     
  7. Undeniable

    Undeniable Porn Star

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    Thank you for your insight Comrade .
    You are correct and I agree . There is always the danger of crossing that line if one does not maintain a level head and take time to step back . We are currently in a mandated cooling off period where my entire unit has rotated out to allow for fresh eyes to take control for a short period . When a mission objective has been met or even if that mission is scrubbed or fails , we need to get our men into a less hostile environment to evaluate their state of mind and make sure that they grasp what they have just done in order to allow the gravity of that action to sink in with hope that most if not all are still able to rationalize the severity of what has occurred .
    You have 2 choices in battle , continue fighting and risk the chance that some will lose perspective of taking life and actually crave it once they get the smell of blood which will never end well , or step back and talk about it while recharging allowing them to continue at optimum ability after a short break which includes talking about it and letting it out .
    We are soldiers and not killing machines and there is no shame in admitting that it weighs heavily on one to extinguish the life of any enemy combatant , it is how they use that in the future that will define them as a soldier versus a war criminal !
     
  8. Ficxa 479

    Ficxa 479 Porn Star

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    Your need to talk it out means that Cosciens still remains in you and it fights. But it also shows that has a little strenth left, that s why it comees out to you. It need you to help im. I recomend to see a chaplain. Or you need to find an excuse to cheat yourself
     
  9. Ficxa 479

    Ficxa 479 Porn Star

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  10. Undeniable

    Undeniable Porn Star

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    I mentioned yesterday off the cuff in the good morning thread but will reiterate . My deepest condolences to the family and to all service members that this has hit hard .
     
  11. Undeniable

    Undeniable Porn Star

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    NORTH Korea has been quietly building military facilities that could be used to launch missiles on at least five islands in the Yellow Sea, satellite images reveal.

    What used to be deserted wasteland has been transformed into strategic outposts constructed close to the city of Sohae, a major missile development and testing site around 200 kilometres northwest of Pyongyang.

    Some of the built-up are entirely man-made “artificial islands” in the style of those built by the Chinese in the South China Sea to claim the land over Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, Brunei and Vietnam.

    The islands feature what appear to be missile launch pads or underground silos and observation areas, which could be used by Kim Jong-un, who likes to keep a close eye on the construction and operation of military facilities.

    [​IMG]
    North Korea has been building up what look like missile test pads on five islands in the Yellow Sea. Picture: Google MapsSource:Supplied

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    Wide roads suitable for missile launch trucks, rectangular patches that could be launch pads are visible on the islands. Picture: Google MapsSource:Supplied

    The islands all appear to be different sizes and shapes, with wide roads suitable for missile-bearing trucks leading to pale rectangular areas. This could indicate heat-resistant cement, ideal for launching the intercontinental ballistic missile technology that is developed at Sohae.

    In Google Earth images from 2012, several of the islands look like no more than patches of sand, rock and scrubland.

    The Diplomat has dubbed them “the Sohae Islands” because of their proximity to the military structure.

    North Korea’s missile launch stations are typically located in the mountains, so the positioning of these islands in the sea that is also bordered by China is unusual. The location could be appropriate for anti-aircraft or anti-ship area denial weapons, however.

    If the aim is to deploy surface-to-air missiles, more infrastructure will be needed including radar and command posts.

    It is also possible the facilities are for oil exploration, since the Yellow Sea is “full of oil”, North Korea expert Dr Leonid Petrov told news.com.au. The sea has estimated reserves of billions of tonnes but a lack of collaboration between the two countries has held back the exploitation of it.

    In the recent past, there were also clashes between the two countries on the Yellow Sea, when North Korea would arrest Chinese fishermen and others until their companies paid a ransom. “It could be strategic or for oil exploration,” said Dr Petrov.

    [​IMG]
    Some of the outposts are entirely artificial, just like those developed by the Chinese in the South China Sea. Picture: Google MapsSource:Supplied

    [​IMG]
    What look like observation decks can also be seen. Kim Jong-un is known to like to oversee military construction and operations. Picture: Google MapsSource:Supplied

    “Every time we see VIP buildings, that tells us there’s most likely a military application, because Kim Jong-un likes to view the operations of whatever they’re building,” Ryan Barenklau, chief executive of intelligence firm Strategic Sentinel told the LA Times.

    “At first we were really concerned about what the initial purpose of those islands are — whether they’re for military or agriculture purposes — but when we saw the observation decks, we thought, those are military.”

    Some of the islands are part of the Taegyedo Tideland Reclamation Project, which began decades ago and finished in 2012, converting the area to hold a fish farm, duck farm and oyster farm.

    It is possible the developments have agricultural or other civilian purposes, but North Korea has in the past used civilian construction projects for an additional military purpose.

    Steve Sin, a researcher on unconventional weapons and technology at the University of Maryland, told the Times “the North Koreans build just about everything for dual purpose.”

    [​IMG]
    The islands could be for agricultural or civilian projects, but the state has been known to convert civilian structures for military purposes. Picture: Google MapsSource:Supplied

    [​IMG]
    The islands are positioned close to Sohae, a major ballistic missile testing facility.Source:Supplied

    He said that if the islands did have military purpose it was probably not to launch long-range ballistic missiles, but could be for shorter-range, more portable missiles such as KN-02 and Scuds. “North Korea still has to stack and fuel those at the launch site itself,” he said.

    While the islands are nowhere near as numerous or as developed as the islands China has built up despite competing claims by nearby countries, the move is likely to provoke increased tension in these volatile times.

    North Korea’s failed ballistic missile launch last week marked the hermit state’s latest show of defiance after it paraded its weapons and warned it is capable of a nuclear strike. Donald Trump responded by diverting a naval strike group toward the Korean peninsula but this week said he would be “honoured” to meet Kim Jong-un under the right conditions.

    China has called for all of its citizens to return from North Korea immediately after a US citizen was detained for allegedly trying to overthrow the country’s regime.

    US-based analysts said on Tuesday satellite images indicated activity has resumed at North Korea’s nuclear test site as tensions remain high over fears of an sixth atomic test by the reclusive state.

    Images of the Punggye-ri site captured on April 25 appear to show workers pumping out water at a tunnel believed to have been prepared for an upcoming nuclear test, monitoring group 38 North said.

    It also noted that a large number of personnel were seen throughout the facility, with some groups possibly playing volleyball, in what is very likely a propaganda scene.

    Given the state’s notorious secrecy, the purpose of the islands may remain shrouded in doubt for some time. They could even be a decoy from Kim’s real plans.

    One thing is for sure, their shadowy presence will create real anxiety.
     
  12. Undeniable

    Undeniable Porn Star

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    Firefight

    Individual tactics, more than any other level of tactics are extremely common sense. If the enemy doesn’t know you are there he’s not likely to shoot you. If he does know you’re there and is firing at you, he can’t hit you if there is something in the way that his bullets can’t go through, unless of course you stick your head up to shoot back. If you don’t stick your head up and shoot back he is going to move into a position where he can shoot around your cover or throw a grenade at you.

    This is what it is all about and it is amazing how commonly people mess it up. Amateurs (like Rambo) will stand out in the open (believing they are bullet proof?) and try to mow down the opposition. What usually happens is that one of the bad guys takes aim from behind cover and ventilates the ‘hero.’

    Some other common mistakes an amateur makes are taking cover behind something that does not stop bullets. Plywood does not stop bullets, neither do leaves and bushes. Leaning up against a wall is a bad thing too because bullets will ricochet off it and travel along the wall, about one to six inches parallel. Bullets do not ricochet off objects in perfect angles. Laying on concrete is not a good idea for this reason.

    Another thing that amateurs do is keep sticking their head up to fire from the same spot. Eventually the enemy gets a chance to aim and when the amateur does get predictable and stick his head up again he gets shot because the enemy was waiting for him. A professional will vary his firing location and he will look around cover instead of over it because it is easier to silhouette yourself by looking over something.

    It is never easy to figure out where the enemy is when he is shooting at you because nine out of ten times he is shooting from cover or concealment and you are trying to avoid getting hit rather than finding the enemy. A muzzle flash is not very visible in the light but at night it is a good indicator of where the enemy is. Bullets cannot be seen as they fly overhead, the human eye cannot track something that fast. Bullets do make a crack as they zip by because they are breaking the sound barrier. This crack can sometimes be mistake for the firing of the weapon. At longer ranges this can make things confusing because a crack can be made by shooting past a large hill. This makes the target thing the shot came from that hill.

    It is very difficult to pinpoint one single shot (which is why snipers prefer firing only once) and the more shots the easier it is to figure out which direction the shooter is in.

    Also, despite what most people see on the movies, bullets do not make cute little explosions when they hit something. If they don’t penetrate the object and leave a little hole, they ricochet, usually unpredictably. Although they lose much of their velocity when they hit an object and ricochet, they can still be very deadly.

    The movies are usually pretty good about having the good guy leap behind cover made of dry wall and receive protection. Dry wall does not protect against bullets. A trailer, in a trailer park is unlikely to stop bullets, some of the furniture inside probably will but usually not the walls, floor or ceiling. Concrete stops bullets, along with heavy metal. The type of round is also important, an armor piercer will very likely go right through a car door which will stop a lesser round but an armor piercer will also punch a hole in the bad guy that is much smaller and less dangerous than another round.

    Another important aspect of individual tactics is presenting as little a target to the enemy as possible. This is one reason for crouching, or laying prone. An amateur will show a lot more of his body than a pro when firing from cover. For instance, when a pro fires around the right side of a corner, he/she places his right foot at the corner and leans over, this presents a very small target area for the enemy. An amateur will step to the side exposing everything from his head to his foot. Ricochets make it easier to hit this type of amateur.

    When an individual fires it is usually his intent to hit and kill the enemy. This is not done by ‘throwing bullets’ at him, aiming is the most effective way of hitting the enemy. Aiming is also best accomplished when the weapon is braced. Anyone who has handled a weapon and used the sights will have noticed that the sights don’t sit still on the target. Even something as little as breathing will cause the aimpoint to keep moving. This becomes even more important at longer ranges when the target is smaller.

    Consider the size of everything. Bullets are very small, even a 30mm cannon round is small when you compare it with the area it is being shot at. Bullets do not home in on living targets, they go where they are aimed at and where gravity helps guide them to. This means that it is much easier to miss a target than hit it, unless the target is close enough to count pimples.

    That is why professionals do not run and fire at the same time, even with a machine gun. If the weapon sight is wavering when the shooter is motionless and concentrating, it is going to waver a hundred times more dramatically when the shooter is moving. Even slowly walking forward and aiming it is difficult to keep the weapon aligned on a target at further than fifteen feet. Try aiming sometime with a toy gun and you will see how difficult it would be to hit a target at about fifty to sixty feet. Rifles are easier to aim and have a longer range, pistols are the worst and anything beyond twenty feet is usually a waste of ammunition. Pistols are good for close range where speed and ease of movement is important.

    A pro is going to aim his weapon, even a machine gun, an amateur is going to spray and pray. Machine guns put out more rounds than a regular rifle, they are not more accurate. The advantage of a machine gun is that by firing a larger number of bullets at the enemy the shooter is more likely to hit OR force the enemy to take cover.

    If the enemy takes cover he can’t fire back effectively because it takes time to aim, time he no longer has. Of course the spray and pray practitioner might get lucky but chances are he won’t. Spray and pray was the method preferred in Vietnam and thousands of bullets were expended to just get one single hit, and that was not always fatal. Explosives and shrapnel scored most of the kills.

    Another reason a person will get in the prone, or behind something is because he/she can then brace his/her weapon and fire more accurately. Fox holes usually have the edge of the hole carved out to brace their weapon and expose as little of the shooter to the enemy as possible. Fox holes (or fighting positions as the Marines call them) are not just holes in the ground, when properly built they provide cover, concealment and a brace for their weapon so the shooter can kill the enemy with a minimum of personal danger.

    Firing from the hip is also stupid, even firing a machine gun from the hip is something only an amateur will do. Some machine guns, however, have too much kick to fire from the shoulder and must be fired from the hip in an emergency. When Rambo mowed down all the bad guys with an M60 machine gun in one hand I realized that the producer had no clue as to what he was doing. Hip firing is not accurate at all and is a great way to waste ammo. The only way it might be accurate is if the gunner ‘walked’ his rounds into the target by observing where they hit and adjusting his hold. Walking rounds into a target is only effective if the shooter has all the time in the world and the target is not firing back. Machine guns come with bipods and tripods for this reason, they are not meant to be firing without being braced on something solid.

    Moving under fire is also important. The shooter wants to get closer to this target because it is easier to hit him. Running across the open is stupid, the runner is a big target and very hard not to see. Running is fast however and is most effective when the individual has to cover a small distance. Crossing a long distance (like thirty or more feet) is suicide unless the individual’s buddies are keeping the bad guys from looking.

    Zig-zagging is good when running toward the enemy and he is aiming at you, it only makes you move slower when you are running across his front. Zig-zagging can also be bad if you are zigging or zagging in front of a buddy behind you who is trying to provide covering fire, he might accidentally shoot you in the back.

    It is always important to move unpredictably when the enemy is firing at you because he will try to anticipate your movement and aim at where you will be. Shooting at a moving target is not as easy as it sounds, especially at longer ranges, don’t forget the bullet is very small compared to the target area.

    Another thing that is important about movement is the person should know where he is going before he moves and it shouldn’t be far away. Solid cover should be chosen before the person even gets up.
     
  13. Undeniable

    Undeniable Porn Star

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    On Patrol

    When a unit is on patrol people do not just blindly follow the person in front of them. Everyone has a job and everyone has a sector to cover. When an individual is on patrol it is in his better interest to assume that the enemy will start firing at him any moment. For that reason a professional will carry his weapon ready to be fired, and will continuously be looking for cover and concealment (in addition to looking for the enemy.)

    Each person in a patrol is responsible for a certain arc that overlaps with another persons. Before the patrol everyone should know their area of responsibility because they will be responsible for watching that area for enemy activity. The pointman is not the only one looking for the enemy because an enemy patrol can stumble into the center of a patrol, and a point man can miss an enemy ambush.

    There are three types of ready positions that a pro can use. One is the pro holds the weapon near his right shoulder and pointing down toward his left foot (but not AT his left foot) so he can bring it up, into his shoulder, quickly and fire accurately. Another ready position is to have the butt stock in or near the right arm pit and the weapon pointing off to the right of the right foot. Again this allows the shooter to bring his weapon up quickly into an accurate firing position. One variation of the first method, is the weapon is not brought into the shoulder but is placed near it against the chest, below the firer’s eye. This helps with accuracy and the shooter is trained to fire with both eyes open. The third method is to have the butt stock near the hip and the muzzle up near eye level. The trooper would then be looking over the muzzle and wherever he looked he would be looking over the muzzle. When he sights a target the muzzle juts forward at the enemy and the buttstock comes out and into the shooter’s shoulder. This method is best for urban combat because the shooter will most likely be firing over something and the muzzle is already over the object to be firing over. The disadvantage is the muzzle sticks out and can tip off the enemy if he see’s the muzzle coming around the corner, also the shooter is likely to fire high initially and it is always better to fire low (because of ricochets).

    The first method is the best because it is quick, efficient and during long patrols, the easiest to maintain. The second method can be awkward for long periods of time. Another important factor when carrying a weapon in the ready is the finger is completely OFF the trigger. The other hand, holding the rifle, has the trigger finger pointing down the barrel. This helps because all the shooter has to do is point at his target with his finger and so will the barrel, this is a very helpful method because it is more natural for a person to point his finger at something than to point a weapon.

    Professionals are also trained to point their weapon wherever they are looking. This makes accurate fire quicker, if you are looking at your squad leader, however, this is not a good thing.

    In a potential firefight the weapons is kept in the shoulder and aimed slightly down (and the finger OFF the trigger) until a target is spotted and then the muzzle comes up, the thumb engages the safety (if not done already), and the finger pulls the trigger. It is usually better to bring the weapon up to the target instead of down because the shooter will be more likely to shoot low, remember ricochets can kill or scare the enemy, rounds passing by overhead are much less intimidating.

    It may seem strange that a lot of emphasis is placed on keeping the finger off the trigger until the enemy is actually identified. This is to prevent friendly fire. It doesn’t take long to move the finger to the trigger and it gives the shooter a chance to identify his target. Someone who is scared may shoot movement before he can identify it, that fraction of a second might help him avoid shooting a friend. Also, if the shooter falls and his finger is on the trigger, he is very likely to accidentally fire and possibly injure himself or others. When getting up to move closer to the enemy the shooter takes his finger off the trigger for this reason.

    An amateur on the other hand is likely to sling his rifle or carry it over his shoulder like a stick. He might even use it as a walking stick. He will aim it wherever simply because he has little or no respect for what it can do. A pro will NEVER aim his weapon at a friend, even accidentally, or put his hand over the muzzle, unlike an amateur who might do something stupid like use it to scratch his nose. When the firing starts an amateur will waste precious time changing his weapon from the carry to the fire position.

    Also, while on patrol, a pro will try to keep a low profile, be as quiet as possible and move from cover to cover, always assuming the enemy is watching him and preparing to fire. Amateurs believe they are superior to the enemy and their superior skills or ideology will allow them to defeat the enemy, (or the are simply lazy). Amateurs will also take the easiest route, simply because they have not been fired at by the enemy in a while and are probably getting tired. This is what discipline is about. A highly disciplined warrior will do everything ‘by the book’ even when he is tired or believes contact with the enemy is unlikely. An amateur makes excuses for poor discipline, the pro may not like doing things by the book but does it anyway. A fire fight never really begins when a person expects it, now matter how keyed up a person is and that first shot fired is almost always a shocker. The transition from surprise to action is the difference between professionals and amateurs. An amateur will waste time trying to figure things out, a pro will be operating on instinct and training.

    Something else that can has more importance in a real battle than a ‘Hollywood’ battle is ammunition. Firearms are hungry beasts and a magazine can be emptied rapidly. Machine guns are even worse. For example, the specs on an M249 squad automatic weapon say it can fire seven hundred and fifty rounds a minute, a belt of ammunition for it only has two hundred rounds. This does not take into consideration that after so many rounds the barrel will turn cherry red and literally begin to melt.

    Sooner than later, the combatants are going to have to reload and when they do they will be vulnerable to a quick rush by the enemy. Professionals are trained to reload behind cover where the enemy can’t take his time and shoot them. One method used by pros is the last couple rounds in a magazine are tracer rounds. When he fires a couple tracers he knows he is almost empty. Keeping count of ammunition expended is not practical. When a person realizes he is about to run out of ammo he can always change magazines early. This keeps one round in the chamber of the weapon (for one emergency) and he doesn’t have to chamber another round. Revolvers are the worst when it comes to reloading. Several FBI agents were butchered in Florida when they had to reload their revolvers and their enemy attacked.
     
  14. Undeniable

    Undeniable Porn Star

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    Snipers

    Snipers do not just shoot at enemy targets using pinpoint rifle fire from some location in the jungle, that is just the movies. A sniper’s most important skill is observation, the next most important skill is stealth and THEN marksmanship and everybody knows a sniper has to be an excellent shot so he must be even better at the other two skills!

    When properly deployed, snipers work in two man teams. One is equipped with the sniper rifle and the other one is equipped with a weapon (either a SAW or assault rifle with a grenade launcher), a spotter scope and a radio. The sniper may also have another weapon in addition to his sniper rifle.

    The radio, not the sniper rifle, is the most dangerous weapon they have. With a radio those two snipers could lay waste to an entire division by calling in artillery, close air support, mortars, ect. Scout snipers also provide valuable information to the commanding officer.

    A two man team is ideal for stealth but not combat. A squad of ten men would have little problem dealing with two men if they found them. That is why snipers are so careful with their appearance and use ‘ghillie suits’. That is also why the second sniper is more heavily armed than the first. Snipers usually spend a lot of time on their hands and knees sneaking around.

    When it comes to killing the sniper team can do an excellent job. By hiding where they can see the enemy, the sniper team can make a call on the radio and cause all kinds of explosives to rain on the enemy. Doing this means the enemy has a much harder time detecting the snipers because they are not really doing anything. Furthermore, they can tell their commander what the enemy is up to so he can take advantage of the situation.

    Sniping is what snipers usually enjoy most though and they can be very effective. In most situations a sniper, even if he is a bad shot, can have a profound effect on the morale of a unit. Each man begins to feel that someone out there is taking aim at him and getting ready to pull the trigger at any time. This can be nerve racking to say the least!

    When snipers do become active snipers, they will find a very well concealed position. They will have to take into account all sorts of different factors like hiding the muzzle flash, masking the sound and most important, hitting a valuable target. The range to the target is critical as well as any wind. Heat should be considered since it can change the apparent location of the target, ect.

    The snipers are both highly trained marksman but they work as a team. One is the designated spotter, the other the shooter. The spotter uses a scope that has a much wider field of view than the sniper scope mounted on the rifle. This allows the spotter to see more. Also the spotter scope usually has additional aids built in, like range lines, that can help him determine the range. The spotter locates a target, determines the range and directs the sniper to zero in on the target. When the sniper fires the spotter determines where the sniper actually hit and gives the sniper directions to get on target if he cannot see. Both members, being highly trained snipers, can double check each other’s calculations and make sure they are the same. If they are different they do them again.
    The sniper rarely takes more than three shots. One shot is ideal because it is nearly impossible to tell where it came from. Two or more shots increase the chance the enemy will be able to determine where they are and maybe call in artillery or send patrols out. Any sniper who fires more than four shots before moving to another location is usually not very smart.

    One trick some snipers might use is shooting past a hill. The sonic crack of the round passing the hill may mislead the enemy into thinking the sniper is on that hill.

    Snipers, despite the Geneva Convention are usually an integral part of the battle.

    During the siege of Khe Sahn in Vietnam the VC would post a sniper on a nearby hill. The snipers really annoyed the Marines so the Marines would bomb the hill and kill the sniper. Eventually the VC posted a sniper that would fire but wouldn’t hit anybody. At first the Marines thought the VC was a real bad shot but then they figured out he just didn’t want to die. So to make sure he wasn’t replaced with someone more competent, the Marines began to ‘fake’ hits when he fired (which probably worried the sniper!).

    There are many different uses for a sniper and they can go from one roll (of scout) to another role (like sniper) quickly. For instance, during a raid, one or more scout sniper teams may infiltrate into an area before the rest of the assault unit. They will keep the objective under observation until just before the assault unit arrives. Then, right before the assault unit arrives they may take out different targets with pin point fire.

    One training raid my platoon did was have a couple scout snipers sneak into an area and begin monitoring the objective (a compound). When the assault group attacked, we came in quickly while the snipers opened fire on the compound. With snipers covering us using accurate fire, and the machine guns on the helicopters providing suppressive fire, the assault group fast roped out of the helicopters and attacked the objective. Everything happened very rapidly and in under five minutes an entire platoon had appeared and was on the ground assaulting the compound in a very aggressive manner. The battle was over quickly.

    Special Operation units might deploy a sniper on a helicopter to cover an assault. A helicopter makes it much more difficult to fire accurately but the sniper doesn’t have to worry about stealth and can take more than one shot. Helicopters also bring the sniper closer to the battle making it easier to hit.

    Snipers can be used to harass a unit in the defense. This is a very effective use of snipers because to the psychological impact it has on the enemy. It discourages them from moving out of their positions and makes them even more scared when they have to get out and improve their defenses. It also gives the commander an intelligence source for planning his attack.

    Snipers can also be used very effectively to protect minefields. Nobody in their right mind would be willing to get out in the open and start searching for mines when someone is shooting at them with very deadly, accurate fire.

    Before an attack begins snipers could be used to take out enemy leaders or machine gunners. During a battle snipers could be used to fire over friendly forces and take out important targets.

    Snipers can also be used to defend against enemy snipers. Because a sniper knows all the tricks he is more likely to know what the enemy will do, kind of like fighting fire with fire.
     
  15. Undeniable

    Undeniable Porn Star

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    Now the sad part

    The Future

    Unfortunately (or maybe fortunately) the sniper may become a rare and endangered species. Current technological trends are oriented at crippling the enemy sniper. Four different technological systems are being developed to detect enemy snipers. Three systems include the use of microphones to triangulate the path of the bullet or the sound of the weapon firing. Even a silenced weapon will make noise that can be tracked, especially if it doesn’t use subsonic bullets. The weapon may be silent but the bullet will still make a crack when it passes something.

    If these microphones were built into a soldier’s helmet and the data was collated on a computer that displayed the data back to their helmets, a unit would have a pretty good chance of locating an enemy sniper that fired on them.

    The fourth method is the use of an IR scanner to detect the muzzle flash. At night it is much easier to see a muzzle flash with the naked eye, but during the day it is much more difficult. With the IR scanner it would be like detecting the muzzle flash at night, much easier. Battle computers that control the helmet display could record the muzzle flash and display it for the soldier as a fading red dot. This would also be very helpful in a regular battle. The muzzle flash is very rapid and the soldier might miss it if he is terrified. As a fading red dot he has more time to return accurate fire on that location.

    Lasers would probably be as easy to detect with the IR scanner as regular bullets because lasers generate heat and IR is all about heat.

    This does not mean snipers will become obsolete, especially in the regular order of battle, it simply means they will become more passive. They will be more likely to call in artillery or close air support than to fire. Stealth is, and will likely always be, the prime weapon of a sniper and it is the fear of the unknown that will make the sniper one of the more effective weapons in a commander’s arsenal.
     
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  16. Undeniable

    Undeniable Porn Star

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    Please pay particular attention to this post and this is where we stand this minute as outlined in the last paragraph and for anyone that loves what they do , this is not a fun place to be in and here we are ordered into a cooling off period that is more torture than any field operation . We all know what happens when you try to cage an animal and soldiers are not much different as we are trained to fight , not sit and talk about our feelings but better to let it out so that people can get a read on you and apply the best possible solution .

    The Soldier or Individual


    When a person is faced with a life or death situation a great many things happen. Adrenaline is released into the system giving the individual a higher energy level. Legs, hands and arms can shake because of the excess energy pulsing through the veins. The heart beats faster to increase the oxygen flow to different parts of the body. Blood is withdrawn from less vital parts of the anatomy to be used elsewhere, that is why a person’s face can turn white or a penis shrinks. The individual has to urinate (this was probably because back before civilization urinating in a life or death confrontation made the legs slippery and bad tasting, and made the person ‘lighter’ in order to run).

    As any martial artist can probably tell you, the body’s natural response is to stiffen up to resist puncture wounds from claws and fangs. A warrior has to relax his body despite this because a loose body can react much faster than a tense one.

    Furthermore, when a person sees a target or a threat, his or her vision ‘narrows’ so they become more aware of the threat. This ‘tunnel vision’ can be dangerous because a person is less likely to pay attention to what is happening on either side or behind him or her. A properly trained person will spend time checking out the sides and rear just in case, but if the battle gets too intense even the best may neglect to do this.

    When a person is injured the body can handle it in several different ways depending on the type of damage inflicted and several things happen.

    One thing that usually happens is the muscles around the injured area ‘stiffen’ or go hard at the time of penetration. For instance when a person is stabbed, the muscles become tense to prevent additional penetration of the knife, fang, or claw. This is not always a good thing as in the case of a car accident where a loose body can help the individual avoid injury. Drunks often sustain fewer injuries because their muscles are relaxed and placid, acting more like a pillow than unyielding armor.

    Also, the victim may feel a numbness, this is the body’s way of trying to keep the victim in the fight so no additional injury is inflicted. As the person becomes more conscious of the injury it has more effect and becomes more painful. This is not always true and sometimes the pain is instantaneous or the nerve endings have become so damaged the victim cannot feel pain.

    A knife, despite what the media says, is usually much worse than a bullet and much more painful.

    There are many ways a person can die. Many people believe incorrectly that once a target is hit by a bullet, knife or sword they die, especially if it is something like a .45 or .357. That is wrong and I will go into the effects of weapons on the human body later. Suffice to say a person can be killed instantly or slowly depending on a great many factors. Some people can get shot in the little toe and die from shock, others can sustain several mortal injuries and still fight on for a while before expiring. Still others, may sustain an injury, fatal or non-fatal, and find themselves unable to continue the fight. There are a great many factors that affect this ability to continue the fight, despite injury. The biggest factor is the injured person’s mental makeup and where he/she was hit.

    Jason, the nerd who has never even so much as skinned his knee, will most likely expire if he gets shot in the toe. The sight of his own blood and the knowledge that he has been shot can kill him, because he will suffer from shock. Killroy, the warmonger, will most likely be able to fight on even though he has been mortally injured because he believes the wound is minor, he is unaware of the wound, or he believes he is just too good to be killed by such an inferior foe. Of course, like Jason the nerd, he might also be shocked to death at his own mortality. People are like that. The drug PCP is another example of how a person can fight on after he/she has been mortally injured.

    One of the more important things to consider when a person is injured is whether or not the person is bleeding and if so how much. A person can bleed to death very quickly and this must be brought under control very quickly.

    I won’t go into detail on life saving because there are libraries full of the subject. However, it is a common belief, that if a person receives medical aid within one hour of the injury, it increases the person’s chance of survival dramatically and decreases the chance of complications at a later time. This is why field hospitals are so important and casualties are evacuated as soon as possible.

    Once a person is dead the muscles begin to relax and the heart stops. The sphincter muscle is one muscle that relaxes on death and causes the body to soil itself. This may be to make the body less appealing to predators, regardless, it still stinks. Battle fields smell like shit, as well as blood and gore for this reason.

    As the body relaxes, blood begins to coagulate and the body begins to cool. Eventually, the body becomes stiff and unyielding.

    After some time begins to pass, gases build up in the body causing it to bloat. Poking a hole in such a body can get messy as it will explode. In addition, the gasses released can be harmful to humans. Various diseases and illnesses can also be caught from a decomposing body.

    As you might be able to see fear is advantageous to a human. It increases reflexes, alertness, strength and the desire to survive, but if fear becomes too powerful it can paralyze and maybe kill (by causing a heart attack).

    People idolize that individual that has no fear but fear is natural. Fear is an ability that increases a person’s chance of surviving a life and death confrontation. A person who has no fear is forfeiting this great ability, and/or is stupid and severely underestimates the situation, which can be fatal. One popular saying I heard often in various ways was “All men fear, but only a coward lets it stop him, a brave man uses that fear to accomplish the impossible and a fool is too stupid to recognize it for what it is,” another good one is “A Hero is a coward that got cornered.

    Many things happen to a person when a fight begins. For ‘green’ troops, newbies, the first response is usually disbelief. ‘Who is shooting? Is someone shooting at me? This must be some kind of mistake, someone IS shooting at me.” At first response to receiving enemy fire is sometimes slow. I have yet to see a good, authorized, training regimen that teaches a newbie to take cover the microsecond a loud noise is heard. This split second hesitation can be fatal because the first shot rarely hits, it’s the second and third shot that hit because the firer is adjusting his aim.

    The next thing that happens, usually, is fear sets in. The body prepares for a life or death struggle, fight or flight. This is where training comes in. A trooper can be overcome with fear and take a passive role, or even try to flee. If the trooper is able to overcome his fear he may return fire. The more able he is to overcome his fear the more effective his return fire will be. This is where aggressive training comes into play. The more aggressive a trooper is the more likely he is to consider ‘fight’ than ‘flight’. Aggressive does not mean charge the enemy while singing a battle hymn. Aggressive is more like ‘that SOB shot at me and tried to kill me! That low life, how dare he?!’ This is why many military units teach their troops that they are superior to the rest, you don’t run from inferiors, you stomp the insolent bastards and teach them a lesson. Aggression in this regard is more of a trained instinct than a lot of rational thought and makes a trooper more likely to choose ‘fight’ than ‘flight’. Of course too much aggression is a bad thing and leads to beserkers who act regardless of the possibly suicidal consequences, again good training prevents beserkers.

    Other things that can help a warrior overcome fear is Esprit de Corps. The knowledge that your buddies need you. If you don’t fight back they may be killed and if it is a tight unit (like most good combat units are designed to be) then it gives the trooper leverage on his fear. This is why people will charge machine gun bunkers in the face of certain death, or throw themselves on grenades.

    Training is another way for a trooper to overcome his/her fear. When a person gets scared it is always easier to fall back on training which (in most cases) has been pounded into a person’s head from day one on what to do and what not to do.

    Next is discipline. Non-commissioned Officers and Officers are often domineering for a reason. A person gets used to taking orders instantly and without hesitation from an NCO or officer during peacetime. When a person is scared he/she can become more malleable to this persuasion because it is habit.

    Knowledge is another way for a person to overcome his fear. If he/she is backed into a corner and knows the only way out is through that guy with a knife then that fear becomes a real powerful force.

    Of course a person may still cower and whimper behind a rock despite all this.

    Some notable items on the subject. Bullies that boast and brag, are more likely to succumb to fear because they are suddenly faced with a threat that is bigger then them. Quiet guys on the other hand, can be the exact opposite of bullies, because they are more familiar with the fact there are bigger, tougher, more dangerous people out there.

    People control their fear in different ways. Some boast and brag, trying to convince themselves they are superior. Some turn on their fellows in an attempt to prove to themself that they are superior and the inferiors are more likely to die than themselves. Some become quiet and try to rationalize things. Others get wild eyed and might begin to panic. Some people try to deny their fear and believe it is an inferior quality. A person could go through several stages as they try to find a way to deal with the stress and fear of upcoming combat. A professional might begin weapons check, mission review, code review or something to take his/her mind off of it. A non-commissioned officer or officer usually tries to keep busy and keep the troops busy preparing, because waiting, as is usually inevitable, can be debilitating and very bad on morale. Pep talks help get people psyched up as does encouragement from veterans. Insulting newbies is not a good way to help them deal with their fear.

    The downside to fear is the after effects. Immediately after an adrenaline rush the body ‘powers down’ and the person may fall asleep. Fear also uses up vital resources in the body and can make the person hungrier than usual. Also, adrenaline can be addictive like any drug. That might be why combat troops can sometimes be such trouble makers. Getting into a bar fight in town helps them release a lot of tension and it give them their adrenaline ‘fix’.

    Boot Camp, for most of the finer forces, is a really stressful environment for a recruit for several reasons. The drill instructors try hard to scare and intimidate the troops. In this way the recruits become more familiar with fear and how to deal with it. The recruits also learn to take orders from NCO’s in a fear filled environment and the Drill Instructors try hard to ingrain it into the recruits makeup. If a recruit can’t overcome his fear on his own then that ‘training’ allows an NCO to act as a prod to get the recruit into action.

    As I said earlier, the battlefield is a very stressful environment and can cause people to have nervous breakdowns. When a person has such a breakdown on the battlefield this can be exceedingly dangerous because a wide variety of unpredictable things can happen. When a person ‘loses it,’ he/she loses all rational control. The person can turn on a friend just as easily as an enemy and that can get very dangerous. When a person gets close to the edge it is always better to evac them before they snap. When a person starts to approach this dangerous level it is referred to as battle fatigue.
     
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  17. Ficxa 479

    Ficxa 479 Porn Star

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    Ficxa 479 Porn Star

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  19. Wafarer

    Wafarer Supreme Warlord Banned!

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    1. Wafarer
      thank you Ud for this thread, I must catch up on posts later, getting weary been up for a long time.
       
      Wafarer, May 14, 2017
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    2. Ficxa 479
      Brits are nothin more than well equipped football fans
       
      Ficxa 479, May 14, 2017
  20. Undeniable

    Undeniable Porn Star

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    With latest airstrikes, US signals to Iran: Containment is back

    The US-led coalition against ISIS waged a series of airstrikes against a military convoy of loyalists to the Syrian regime.

    This marks only the second time in the history of the six-year conflict that American warplanes have intentionally targeted Iranian proxies in Syria. The convoy appears to have consisted not of regular Syrian army soldiers but of international Shia militiamen.
    According to a US defense official, a convoy of 20 pro-regime vehicles was headed toward al-Tanf, a military base on the Syrian-Jordanian border, on Wednesday night.

    Al-Tanf, which Russian warplanes bombed a year ago in two successive airstrikes, is occupied by US and British Special Forces that are advising an anti-ISIS Syrian rebel group known as Maghawir al-Thawra, or the Commandos of the Revolution.

    Thirteen of the vehicles apparently breached the "de-confliction zone" around the base, an area that the coalition has communicated to Moscow to stay well clear of.

    US warplanes were first scrambled in a "show of force" against the oncoming convoy. But then five vehicles kept approaching, coming within 29 kilometers of the base when they were finally hit by US aircraft.
    The coalition confirmed that the convoy posed a direct threat to "US partner forces" -- "despite Russian attempts to dissuade pro-regime movement" toward the base.
    The strike marks the first time that the Pentagon has offered aerial protection to its Arab proxies under assault from pro-Syrian militias.

    The timing of this American escalation is noteworthy for several reasons.
    First, it comes just weeks after US warships in the Mediterranean fired 59 Tomahawk cruise missiles against Assad's Shayrat airbase, which Western intelligence agencies allege was used to launch a deadly chemical weapons attack in northern Syria. That intervention was the first time the US directly attacked the Syrian government.

    Second, the al-Tanf skirmish comes just hours after President Donald Trump is scheduled to depart Washington for a tour of the Middle East, his first overseas trip since assuming office. He will travel to Jerusalem and Riyadh, Saudi Arabia where he is expected to reassure Israel and America's Sunni Gulf allies that his administration is committed to containing and deterring Iran, now the principal security underwriter of the Assad regime in Syria.

    Third, the US Treasury Department on Wednesday sanctioned two senior Iranian officials, one of whom, the department said in a press statement, "facilitated the sale of explosives and provided other support to Syria." The other was "the director of the organization responsible for Iran's solid-fueled ballistic missile program."

    Fourth, the US airstrikes follow on a State Department briefing about the presence of a crematorium for incinerating corpses of political prisoners at the notorious Sednaya jail in Damascus. Allegations about such a facility, reminiscent of the Third Reich's Final Solution, have circulated in international media for months, yet the US government only just confirmed them this week.

    Containing Iran
    Iran is thought to have expansionist ambitions, and these ambitions have begun to chafe under a slowly increasing US hard power deployment in the region, opposition sources have told CNN.
    Tlass Salameh, the commander of the Lions of the East Brigade, said that his men are located 20 kilometers from al-Tanf. The Lions of the East receive support from a covert CIA program designed to train and arm vetted Syrian rebel groups, according to Salameh.
    Recruits of that program are allowed to fight the Syrian regime and its allied militias, including those imported from Lebanon and Iraq and beholden to Iran's Revolutionary Guards Corps' Quds Force.

    On Monday, Iran's state-run Fars News Agency claimed that Lebanese Hezbollah, a prominent IRGC-QC proxy, had deployed "12 regiments with 1,000 fighters" to southern Syria "to face the US-backed militants in al-Tanf border crossing."
    "The regime is bombing us in 25 to 30 raids on a daily basis. Russia hit us once or twice," Salameh told CNN. "We have a post in Mafraq Kabid on the Damascus-Baghdad highway, which is now controlled by the Iranian and [Lebanese] Hezbollah militias."

    That transnational highway is crucial to Iranian plans to construct a ground corridor, or land bridge, from Tehran all the way to Mediterranean coast.
    Rebel sources confirm a report published this week by Britain's Guardian newspaper to that effect, noting that the original route for this corridor has recently shifted from northern Syria, running through the heartland of Syrian Kurdish territory, to Sunni Arab tribal south of the country. The outlet suggested that the change of latitude owed to a growing presence of US troops and US-run military installations the north, used by various anti-ISIS forces.

    Partition of Syria
    Concerns over the long-term implications of the US presence, for example, led the regime to oppose an expanded role for the Syrian opposition in the fight against ISIS, especially in Raqqa, the terror group's de facto capital.
    Now, sources say, Damascus and Tehran are keen to preempt any such American deterrent in the south, along the new route for a land bridge — even if doing so slows or retards the coalition's war against ISIS.

    "The regime is preventing us from fighting ISIS," Salameh said. "Not a single attack waged by them is directed against ISIS, even though ISIS is only 20 kilometers meters away from the regime while we are 80 kilometers away."
    Salameh added that Iranian-built militias have lately reconquered terrain liberated from ISIS by the coalition and the Lions of the East.

    Muhannad al-Talla, commander of Maghawir al-Thawrah, the Pentagon-backed rebel group embedded with US and British Special Forces at al-Tanf, agreed with this assessment, and with the idea of an Iranian ground corridor.
    "The Russians, the Iranians and the regime are harassing us now. After we liberated some areas, they came and took them," al-Talla said. "They're trying to open the highway from Baghdad to Damascus, in other words from Tehran to Beirut. They are advancing toward us and toward eastern Syria. This has been happening for two weeks now."

    Some policymakers the US and Syria believe that a deal to create "de-escalation zones," brokered in Astana, Kazakhstan earlier this month by Russia, Iran and Turkey, was designed to preempt any American plan to unilaterally establish safe zones in Syria.

    In March, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said Washington would set up "interim zones of stability" to allow refugees to return to Syria.

    Officials in the US State Department have told CNN that the terminology used by Russia in Astana deliberately echoed Tillerson's position. Some Middle East analysts have argued that the long-term consequence of such a policy — establishing externally-enforced zones, if not spheres of influence — amounts to the soft partitioning of Syria.

    According to Reuters, citing Western intelligence sources, American and British Special Forces are building out al-Tanf to encompass a larger role in flushing ISIS out of the eastern Syrian province of Deir Ezzor. So a similar enlargement of the US garrison in the south is indeed likely.

    At the same time, the Assad regime has also become more publicly critical of Jordan, a key Arab member of the anti-ISIS coalition, owing to reports that the Jordanian army was mobilizing near the Syrian border.

    Jordan oversees two large refugee camps inside Syria which host displaced people from areas previously or currently controlled by ISIS, making them a ongoing security concern for the Hashemite kingdom. A safe zone near the Syrian-Jordanian border, backed by Arab and western powers, is clearly viewed as a provocation to Damascus and Tehran.
    The tension between the regime and Amman in recent weeks came after unprecedented remarks from Jordanian authorities that Jordan would open its border crossings with Syria if the regime, not the rebels, controlled the borderlands, over fears that al Qaeda and ISIS jihadists will cross into Jordan.
    The de-escalation zones are also believed, by US and opposition sources, to free up time and resources for the regime to advance into the American sphere of influence in ISIS areas.

    The Syrian regime and Iran probably calculated that the US would not come to the aid of its rebel allies in al-Tanf, as it untraditionally did on Wednesday.
    In fact, al-Talla, the commander of Maghawir al-Thawrah, said, a day before the airstrikes he was told by US forces that his men would be relocated from al-Tanf to another position in Syria to avoid open conflict with pro-Assad elements.

    That plan may have now changed.